A biomechanical comparison of the SACH, Seattle and Jaipur feet using ground reaction forces

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Abstract
The Jaipur prosthetic foot was developed in India in response to specific socio-cultural needs of Indian amputees. It is being used extensively in India and several other developing countries. Its claim of being a cheaper and satisfactory alternative to other prosthetic feet has not been investigated biomechanically. The present study was undertaken to compare its biomechanical properties with the SACH and Seattle feet, using ground reaction forces. Three trans-tibial amputees participated in the experiment which measured the ground reaction force data using a Kistler force plate. Subject's normal foot was used as a reference. Six variables from the vertical and anteroposterior components of ground reaction forces were quantified, their statistical analysis showed that the normal foot generates significantly larger ground reaction forces than the prosthetic foot. The shock absortion capacity of the SACH foot was found to be better when compared with the other two feet, while the Jaipur foot allowed a more natural gait and was closer in performance to the normal foot. None of the prostheses significantly influenced the locomotor style of the amputees.