Development of a large-scale Nd:YAG growth process

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Abstract
Development of an automated steady-state process for Czochralski growth of flat interface Nd:YAG laser crystals is described. Steady-state is achieved through addition to the melt to maintain constant melt depth and composition. Interface flattening is accomplished through a controlled spin-up of crystal rotation during which characteristic changes in melt flow and crystal weight are observed. Combined steady-state/flat-interface growth has been demonstrated for sections up to 30 mm diameter x 110 mm long. In batch mode, without melt addition, flat interface YAG and Nd:YAG up to 52 mm x 220 mm, and undoped YAG up to 85 mm x 75 mm have been grown. In batchmode, gradual reduction of rotation rate is required to maintain interface contour and cross-sectional shape of the crystal as the melt height decreases.

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