The relation of time estimation to certain physiological changes.

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Abstract
It has generally been assumed that the cues for the perception of short intervals of time are changes in certain physiological functions. However, thus far, very little if any exptl. evidence has been deduced to support this theory. The present study investigated changes in (1) pulse rate (2) heart work (3) breathing rate (4) lung work and (5) blood pressure in relation to time estimation. In one part of the study these changes were studied under normal conditions; in another study the physiological functions were increased by vigorous exercise. No significant relationship was found between the five physiological conditions studied and time estimation. These physiological functions vary greatly but the changes have no relation to the time judgments of the subjects. This is true both during rest and following exercise. There is no tendency for all subjects to estimate time as any longer or shorter after fatiguing exercise. Thus either other and more subtle physiological changes give us the cues for time estimation of short time intervals or such estimations are based on secondary cues.

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