Structure and Ontogeny of Stomata in Some Polemoniales

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Abstract
The ontogeny and structure of stomata in 22 genera and 51 species of the Polemoniales are described. Five main types of stomata noticed are: anisocytic, anomocytic, diacytic, paracytic, and stomata with a single subsidiary cell. Three modes of stomatal development: syndetocheilic or mesogenous, haplocheilic or perigenous, and meso-perigenous or syndeto-haplocheilic are observed. Abnormalities seen are: stomata with single guard cells, arrested development and contiguous stomata variously oriented. Contiguous stomata result from adjacently placed meristemoids or readjustment during maturation. Stomata with a single guard cell are formed as a result of degeneration of one of the guard cells before or after pore formation. The stomatal apparatus varies in different organs of a plant in form, number, orientation and arrangement of the subsidiary and also the surrounding cells. Three lines leading to Polemoniales, Boraginales, and Solanales are distinet.

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