Efficient digital beamforming in the frequency domain

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Abstract
The formation of steered beams for a linear array of hydrophones is a necessary task in many sonar systems. In this paper, algorithms for beamforming digital signals in the frequency domain are compared for their computational efficiency and suitability for implementation on an array processor. Methods based on the chirpz transform (CZT) and on interpolation using finite‐impulse response (FIR) filters are shown to be the most efficient, although beamforming based on Goertzel’s algorithm is also competitive when the beams are formed in conjugate pairs.

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