PORCINE (SUS SCROFA DOMESTICA) CHROMOSOME IDENTIFICATION AND SUGGESTED NOMENCLATURE

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Abstract
Various banding techniques were used for chromosome analysis in domestic pigs (S. scrofa domestica). The techniques used in karyotype analysis were Q[quinacrine]-banding by (CMA)2S [Bis-N,N"-(6-chloro-2-methoxyacridine-9-yl)spermine] trypsin G[Giemsa]-banding BrdU[bromodeoxyuridine]-acridine-orange R[reverse]-banding and C[constitutive heterochromatin]-banding sequential and determine arm ratios. Sequential quinacrine-Giemsa-Ag-AS [ammoniacal sliver satellite staining] treatment was used to locate the nucleolar organizer (NOR) on specific chromosomes. A G-C [guanine, cytosine] specific fluorochrome was used for reverse fluorescent banding and to differentiate certain chromosome regions which may contain G+C rich DNA. Unequivocal identification of all individual autosomes and sex chromosomes in the porcine complement is now possible. The X chromosome of the species has a banding pattern similar to the human X chromosome. A nomenclature system similar to that used for human chromosomes is proposed for the G-banded and Q-banded karyotype of the domestic pig. The results of C-banding and olivomycin fluorescent banding suggest that at least 3 types of heterochromatin are contained in the porcine genome.