Modeling the antigen combining site of an anti‐dinitrophenyl antibody, ANO2

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Abstract
A model structure has been constructed for a monoclonal anti‐dinitrophenyl antibody. The antibody, ANO2, has been sequenced and cloned (Anglister, J., Frey, T., & McConnell, H.M., 1984, Biochemistry 23, 1138–1142). Its amino acid sequence shows striking homology with the anti‐lysozyme Fab fragments HyHel5 (83%) and HyHel10 (73%). Based on this homology, a model for the ANO2 variable heavy and variable light chain framework was constructed using a hybrid of the HyHel5 light chain and the HyHel10 heavy chain backbone, omitting the hypervariable loops. These coordinates were used as scaffolds for the model building of ANO2. The CONGEN conformational sampling algorithm (Bruccoleri, R.E. & Karplus, M., 1987, Biopolymers 26, 127–196) was used to model the six hypervariable loops that contain the antigen‐combining site. All the possible conformations of the loop backbones were constructed and the best loop structures were selected using a combination of the CHARMM potential energy function and evaluation of the solvent‐accessible surface area of the conformers. The order in which the loops were searched was carried out based on the relative locations of the loops with reference to the framework of the β‐barrel, namely, L2‐H1‐L3‐H2‐H3‐L1. The model structures thus obtained were compared to the high resolution X‐ray structure (Brünger, A.T., Leahy, D.J., Hynes, T.R., & Fox, R.O., 1991, J. Mol. Biol. 221, 239–256).