Comparison of a fifth dose of a five-component acellular or a whole cell pertussis vaccine in children four to six years of age

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Abstract
Acellular pertussis vaccines are now preferred for all five childhood immunization doses; however, there are few data on the safety and immunogenicity of five consecutive doses. This study compared a fifth dose of an acellular and a whole cell pertussis vaccine in 4- to 6-year-old children previously immunized with four doses of acellular or whole cell pertussis vaccine. In a double blind, multicenter study, 366 healthy children were randomly allocated to receive a single injection of a 5-component acellular or a whole cell pertussis vaccine, each combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and inactivated poliovirus vaccine. Although injection site redness ≥50 mm and swelling ≥50 mm were common in children who had received five doses of acellular (50% and 48.1%, respectively) or whole cell (66.2% and 59.7%) pertussis vaccine, limb soreness and limitation of motion were less frequently reported after acellular (1.9% and 0%) than after whole cell (49.2% and 36.3%; P P A regimen consisting of five doses of a five-component acellular pertussis combination vaccine is safe and immunogenic in preschool children. Local adverse reactions are common but are less painful and activity-limiting than a regimen of five doses of a whole cell pertussis vaccine.

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