Abstract
In the past decade, an increased interest in the problems of occlusive vascular disease of the brain has led to important advances in knowledge of the basic anatomy and physiology of the cerebral circulation, as well as to more precise methods for the diagnosis and treatment of its disorders. All aspects are interrelated, as has been recently pointed out by Wells (1), who says: “The factors affecting circulation in health and disease are multiple, assuming a complexity consonant with that of the organ affected. The clinical significance of this is apparent—no longer can one accept clinical evidence of a neurologic deficit which appears to arise within a precise area of the brain as evidence of obstruction of the end artery supplying that region. Only by consideration of the multiple factors which might conceivably be involved—possible variations in the circle of Willis, diseases of the vessels of the neck, effects of various positions, state of the systemic circulation, variations in the blood itself, as ...

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