The Cheviot Granite

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Abstract
I. I ntroduction T he Cheviot granite is situated in Northumberland close to the border between England and Scotland. It has beeb known in geological literature as a unique example in the British Isles of an augite granite. The present investigation was undertaken with the object of studying details of variation in the granite and its relations with the adjacent lavas, and of determining whether the basic character of the granite is attributable to its contamination by the adjacent andesitic lavas. Although the Cheviot Hills have long attracted naturalists and geologists, the amount of literature on the petrology of the granite is limited. Winch (1816) first noticed the occurrence of " porphyritic syenite and granitic syenite ", and Tate (1867) described the igneous rocks of the district in a little more detail. Clough (1882) discussed the distribution, composition, and some of the mineral and textural varieties of the granite. The first account of its petrology appeared in 1885, when Teall described the rocks he collected during a day's traverse across the Cheviot Hills. In 1888 the Geological Survey published a geological map of the district, together with a memoir (Clough 1888). This was followed by a paper by Kynaston (1899), who made a fairly exhaustive study of the granite, recorded the chief features of the rocks and discussed the genentic relations between the lavas, the granite, and the dykes. Subsequently, the area remained almost untouched until 1932, when the Geological Survey issued revised geological maps (sheets 3 and 5) and a memoir on “The

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