Oxidized and Ubiquitinated Proteins May Predict Recovery of Postischemic Cardiac Function: Essential Role of the Proteasome

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Abstract
This study examined the hypothesis that postischemic levels of oxidized and/or ubiquitinated proteins may be predictive of functional recovery as they may be indicative of activity of the 20S and/or 26S proteasomes, respectively. Subjecting isolated rat hearts to 15 min of ischemia had no effect on 20S- and 26S-proteasome activities; however, both were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by 70% and 54%, respectively, following 30 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion, changes associated with increased levels of protein carbonyls and ubiquitinated proteins. Preischemic treatment of hearts with the proteasome inhibitor, MG132, resulted in dosedependent decreases (p < 0.05) in recovery of postischemic function [MG132 (μM), heart rate × pressure product: 0, 11,158 ± 2,423; 6, 11,400 ± 3,009; 12, 5,513 ± 2,225; 25, 2,325 ± 992] and increased accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. Preconditioning with repetitive ischemia (IP) or preischemic treatment with nicorandil (Nic) resulted in a significant increase in postischemic 20S-proteasome activity after 60 min of reperfusion (control, 95 ± 4; IP, 301 ± 65; Nic, 242 ± 61 fluorescence units). Only Nic had similar effects on 26S-proteasome activity. These results support the conclusion that a correlation exists between eventual recovery of postischemic function and levels of oxidized and/or ubiquitinated proteins, a phenomenon that may be dependent on activity of the 20S and 26S proteasomes.Antioxid. Redox Signal. 7, 538–546.