Matched-field inversion for source localization with uncertain bathymetry

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Abstract
A good knowledge of the bathymetry is required for reliable matched-field source localization in shallow-water environments. However, bathymetry can be difficult to measure in ice-covered Arctic waters. This letter describes a method for determining source location using simulated annealing to perform matched-field inversion with poor or little knowledge of the bathymetry. The inversion is carried out for source range and depth and a (range-dependent) model for bathymetry. Although the bathymetry cannot be determined uniquely in this manner, an effective model can be computed which allows accurate source localization. This method essentially applies the concepts of ‘‘focalization’’ [M. D. Collins and W. A. Kuperman, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90, 1410–1422 (1992)] to ocean bottom parameters.

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