Individuality in contact calls of the pukeko (Aves: Rallidae)

Abstract
Individuality of pukeko (Porphyrio porphyrio melanotus Temminck) calls is examined, using 10 recordings of n’yip contact calls from each of 15 birds. Field observations together with qualitative and quantitative sound analysis show that n’yip calls are individually distinct. The temporal patterning of n’yip calls also varies significantly between individuals. The relationship between temporal patterning of calls and hierarchical status is discussed.