Thermodynamic Functions for Nonuniform Systems

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Abstract
The thermodynamics of simple, nonuniform equilibrium systems is formulated in terms of phenomenological variables. A careful investigation of the mechanical properties leads to the deduction of a free‐energy density and to the description of its principal characteristics. An integrability condition for the free energy results in a condition that must be satisfied by the principal mechanical tensors of the system. The mechanical tensors are then expressed in terms of microscopic variables, and it is shown that the free energy can be evaluated by application of the virial theorem.

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