Metabolic Tolerance of Parenteral Lipid in Neonates

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Abstract
Rapid advances in technology and the resultant applications in neonatal intensive care have led to increased survival of critically ill, low-birth-weight, and premature infants. Due to life-threatening, complex medical problems, many of these infants may not be enterally fed for many days after birth, during which time both sustenance and growth are afforded by parenteral nutrition. Administration of intravenous glucose, protein, and, more recently, lipid has been part of neonatal medical practice for nearly two decades,1yet realization of the optimal methods to administer some of these specific nutrients has escaped scientific evaluation. Despite widespread use of parenteral fat emulsions, little is understood of their tolerance by low-birth-weight infants. Most previous studies of lipid metabolic balance have been performed by bolus injection or by short-term infusion over two to four hours (rather than long-term 18- to 24-hour infusion that is most often used clinically), thus raising concern that these

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