Enhancement of the neonate's nonspecific immunity to Klebsiella infection by muramyl dipeptide, a synthetic immunoadjuvant.

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Abstract
N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (muramyl dipeptide) and certain derivatives that are structural analogs of part of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer were shown to be adjuvant active and enhanced the nonspecific immunity of adult mice infected by K. pneumoniae. Muramyl dipeptide and 2 other synthetic analogs were active in newborn mice. This activity could be demonstrated after administration by s.c. or even by oral route. After treatment by lipopolysaccharide, 8 day old mice were definitively protected against bacterial challenge by these glycopeptides. Therefore each molecules could have a great value in view of studying and correcting the neonate''s unresponsiveness.

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