Epitaxial growth of Bi12GeO20 thin-film optical waveguides using excimer laser ablation

Abstract
Thin‐film optical waveguides of the photorefractive optical materialbismuthgermanium oxide (Bi1 2GeO2 0) have been epitaxially grown onto heated zirconia substrates by excimer laser ablative sputtering. The epitaxial nature and stoichiometry of the films were verified using x‐ray diffraction analysis. Waveguide modes were observed for effective refractive indices in close agreement with theoretical predictions.

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