Glyphosate application in forest—ecological aspects

Abstract
Browse production after two growth seasons following mechanical cutting and glyphosate spraying was 60% and less than 1 %, respectively, of production before treatment. Moose (A. alces) utilization of forest plantations decreased significantly the first and third winter after spraying. The second winter there was also a decrease, although not statistically significant. Browsing by A. alces relieved the spruce seedlings from considerable competition by hardwoods. Browsing also altered the hardwood composition of the forest plantations, from rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) dominance to birch (Betula sp.) dominance.

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