Some effects of umbel order and harvest date on carrot seed variability and seedling performance

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Abstract
There were no effects of umbel order or date of seed harvest on the coefficient of variation (CV) of carrot seed weight. Seed grading reduced the CV from 31% to 22% compared with ungraded seeds and the effects were similar for all treatments. The CV of embryo length was lower in seeds from primary (P) than secondary (S) umbels and it declined with a delay in harvest, the reduction being greater for seeds from S umbels. Seed grading had no effect on the CV of the embryo length of ऩ seeds but it reduced the CV of S seeds, particularly at the early harvest. Fewer seedlings emerged and emergence was later from early-harvested and S umbel seeds than from late-harvested’ and ऩ umbel seeds, and the last two sources also produced larger seedlings than the first two, even after allowing for differences in seed weight. The CV of seedling weight decreased with a delay in harvest and was lower from seeds from ऩ than from S umbels, particularly at the early harvest. In general, grading improved the emergence characteristics and reduced the CV of seedling weights, particularly from S umbels at the early harvest. These differences in performance could largely be accounted for by the effects of umbe1 order, harvest date and grading on embryo length.

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