Macro-element composition ofChionochloa pallensandC. flavescensshoots, and soil properties in the North Island, New Zealand

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Abstract
Concentrations of macro-elements, especially Na, Mg, and Ca, are higher in the sheaths, green blades, and dead tips of Chionochloa pallens than C. flavescens, on the Tararua Range. Kaweka Range C. pallens has lower Na concentrations than C. pallens on the Tararua Range and higher Mg and Ca concentrations. C. flavescens on the Tararua Range is distinguished from C. flavescens in eastern South Island by low Mg and ea concentrations in green blades. Wide within-species differences in shoot size of both Tararua Range species were not associated with similar wide differences in element concentrations, although there are occasional within-species differences. Variation in element concentrations within C. pallens and C. flavescens appear to be found only where there is variation in their soil properties, particularly levels of primary Ca-bound P. Species show different correlations with soil P fractions and readily soluble phosphate tests that are related to their site preferences. Results are briefly discussed in relation to growth dilution of N, litter decomposition, and grazing by deer.