Spectral analysis and acoustic transmission of mitral and aortic valve closure sounds in dogs

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Abstract
The paper describes the effects of neuromuscular blockade, sternotomy and atrio-ventricular pacing, and a two-week recovery period on the spectra and acoustic transmission of mitral M1 and aortic A2 sound components in dogs. Results indicate that neuromuscular blockade does not affect the attenuation properties of the heart/thorax acoustic system even if it modifies the intensity of M1 and the phase of the transfer function. The immediate effect of sternotomy and cardiac pacing is an important increase in the attenuation of the heart/thorax acoustic system. This increased attenuation is different for both sounds (20 dB for M1 and 11 dB for A2) and disappears after a two-week recovery period. However, the resulting controlled dog model shows slightly different acoustic characteristics than those of the normal animal model.