Transfer RNA and the formation of the heme and chlorophyll precursor, 5-aminolevulinic acid.

  • 1 October 1990
    • journal article
    • review article
    • Vol. 2  (4) , 227-35
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid is the first committed precursor for the synthesis of porphyrins such as hemes and chlorophylls. In many organisms aminolevulinate is synthesized from glutamate in a three-step pathway (C5 pathway). The key step in this conversion is a tRNA-mediated reduction of glutamate to glutamate-1-semialdehyde. tRNA is a specific cofactor for an NADPH-dependent enzyme, Glu-tRNA reductase, which is capable of sequence-specific recognition of Glu-tRNA(Glu). tRNA(Glu) is a dual-function molecule; it participates both in protein and in aminolevulinate biosynthesis. This reduction reaction represents a novel role for tRNA where it participates in a metabolic conversion of its amino acid into a low molecular weight metabolite which is subsequently not used in peptide bond synthesis.

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