Influence of Substituents on Phenols Extraction and Dissociation

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Abstract
Based on the systematic analysis of experimental data for liquid-liquid extraction of the substituted phenols, the F α and F μ parameters have been suggested to describe the dependence of log P 0 (P 0 is the distribution coefficient) from the energy of universal intermolecular interactions in solutions and the structural characteristics of solutions in non-polar and polar solvents correspondingly. The deviations from the dependences of log P0 = f(F α) and log P0 = f(F μ) show the contribution of specific interactions (H-bonds) to the process of extraction. The method is aimed at determination of the ionization constant of phenol (K a ) on the basis of phenol distribution between the water and non-water solvents, which do not mix up with water. It is shown that the рK a values of the substituted phenols obtained by the measurements in water and non-water solvents depend on σ0-constant. The influence of the amount of the same substituents in the phenol molecules on the рK a values was studied.