Preparation, Properties, and Some Applications of Super-Refined Mineral Oils

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Abstract
Super-refined mineral oils are high quality hydrocarbon fluids prepared, in good yield, from the conventional lubricant fractions of petroleum. Processes involved in the preparation of these materials include distillation, solvent extraction, deep dewaxing, exhaustive hydrogenation, and acid extraction. The processing is designed to optimize viscosity-temperature and viscosity-volatility relationships, additive susceptibility, and low temperature fluidity. Resultant hydrocarbon fluids exhibit a liquid range of — 75 F to above 700 F, good thermal stability to 700 F, excellent lubricity properties, and additive response (for foaming, oxidation, corrosion, wear, and lubrication) of the same order of magnitude as the high quality organic esters. The super-refined mineral oils show unusual low, temperature viscosity properties and blending characteristics. Measured — 65 F viscosities are, in some cases, less than half the value predicted from the ASTM viscosity-temperature chart. Blends of these fluids with selected polymeric thickeners and esters skow better than predicted viscosity-temperature properties. Formulations based on these deep-dewaxed, super-refined mineral oils appear to be particularly attractive for applications such as high temperature hydraulic fluids, gas turbine lubricants, automatic transmission fluids, transaxle lubricants, and instrument oils.

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