The Inhibition of Complementary Activity by Anticoagulants

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Abstract
Summary and Conclusions: The inhibition of complement and coagulation are closely related phenomena. Organic acids which inhibit the ionization of calcium also inhibit complement and prevent coagulation. The effect of these acids is directly proportional to their titratable acidity, and is neutralized by equivalent amounts of sodium hydroxide. The organic base, diethylamine, also inhibits complement as well as coagulation and, when neutralized with hydrochloric acid, it is ineffective. Complement rendered inactive by liquoid or heparin was reactivated by serum heated at 56°C. for one-half hour. Both of the serum fractions after inactivation by heat restored the activity of liquoid-inactivated complement but only the euglobulin fraction (which contains the cephalin but not the ionized calcium of serum) reactivated the complement inactivated by heparin. The anticomplementary action of liquoid, like the anticoagulative action of liquoid and heparin, was neutralized by hydrochloric acid. All three of these anticoagulants—diethylamine, liquoid, and heparin—reacted with cephalin and prevented its reaction with ionized calcium with the consequent inhibition of complement. Thus, the substances that are anticoagulative and anticomplementary react with either cephalin or calcium to prevent the interaction of cephalin with calcium and protein which underlies the coagulative and complementary activities of the blood.

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