Stoichiometric Compounds of Magnesium Dichloride with Ethanol for the Supported Ziegler−Natta Catalysis: First Recognition and Multidimensional MAS NMR Study

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Abstract
Ethanol associates easily with MgCl(2) to form adducts of complex architecture, but until now available characterization methods have failed to identify the pure stoichiometric compounds and their structures. To remedy this, we set about applying homonuclear and heteronuclear 2D correlated solid-state NMR spectroscopy to identify the pure compounds and the ethanol-to-magnesium coordination pattern. High spinning speed and Lee-Goldburg sequences were able to reduce the hydrogen spin-diffusion and homonuclear coupling in the crystalline solid, thus achieving high resolution also in the hydrogen domain. On this basis, the pure adducts, of interest as catalyst supports for Ziegler-Natta polymerization, were isolated for the first time. Magnesium coordination sites with given numbers of ligands and their multiplicity in the crystal cells were determined in the new-found stoichiometric complexes. Variable temperature and 2D carbon-carbon exchange NMR, as well as relaxation times in the fast motion regime, revealed the disordering phenomena generated by ethanol dynamics in the crystal. Decoding the intriguing polymorphism of the precursors permits to trace the genealogy of tailored MgCl(2) titanate granules, active as highly productive catalysts for the stereospecific polymerization of olefins.