How Does Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Influence Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Pathogenesis?

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Abstract
In this issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases Reynolds et al. [1] present results from a prospective cohort study of patients at sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics in Pune, India, that show that antecedent herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection markedly increases the rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. An interesting and novel finding in their study was a 2-fold higher risk of HIV-1 acquisition among those with recent incident HSV-2 infection (0–6 months after acquisition of HSV-2), compared with those with preexisting prevalent HSV-2 infection

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