Actions of the GABAB agonist, (−)‐baclofen, on neurones in deep dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord in vitro

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Abstract
1 The electrophysiological actions of the GABAB agonist, (−)-baclofen, on deep dorsal horn neurones were studied using an in vitro preparation of the spinal cord of 9–16 day old rat. 2 On all neurones tested, (−)-baclofen (100nM-30μm) had a hyperpolarizing action which was associated with a reduction in apparent membrane input resistance. The increase in membrane conductance was dose-dependent and had a Hill coefficient of 1.0. 3 The (−)-baclofen-activated hyperpolarization persisted in the presence of bicuculline (50 μm) and Mg2+(20 mm). 4 The reversal potential of the hyperpolarizing event was estimated at 102 mV and was made less negative by increasing the external concentration of potassium ions. 5 Over the same concentration range, (−)-baclofen also depressed the polysynaptic composite excitatory postsynaptic potentials (e.p.s.ps) evoked in these neurones by electrical stimulation of the dorsal root entry zone. 6 The potassium channel blockers caesium, applied intracellularly, and barium, applied extracellularly, depressed the postsynaptic response to baclofen but not its effect on e.p.s.ps. 7 We propose that (−)-baclofen has more than one mechanism of action in spinal dorsal horn: a postsynaptic action mediated via an increase in potassium conductance and a presynaptic action that is not associated with potassium channels and may be mediated via calcium channels. Since previous studies have demonstrated little effect of (−)-baclofen on transmitter release in spinal cord, it is possible that the postsynaptic hyperpolarizing action of (−)-baclofen may account for its clinical potency as an anti-spastic agent.