Influence of rewarming conditions after hypothermia in gerbils with transient forebrain ischemia

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Abstract
Object. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that hypothermia has a beneficial effect on clinical outcome; however, it is difficult to determine the appropriate rewarming conditions in clinical use. The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of rewarming conditions in gerbils with transient forebrain ischemia. Methods. Ischemia was induced in the gerbils by a 5-minute bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, after which the animals were immediately subjected to moderate or deep hypothermia. After moderate hypothermia (30.5°C for 4 hours) the animals were rewarmed over standard, fast, or slow time periods. After deep hypothermia (24°C for 2 hours) the animals were rewarmed in a standard, fast, slow, or stepwise manner. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), extracellular glutamate, and lactate were monitored. Hippocampal CA1 cell damage was assessed 7 days after induction of ischemia. In animals treated with moderate hypothermia, the rewarming rate had no influence on the number of survivin...