THALLITOXICOSIS: REPORT OF THREE CASES IN MASSACHUSETTS

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Abstract
The cases of three Massachusetts children with thallium intoxication are reported. Ptosis, ataxia, tremors, paresthesias, and a state simulating a "toxic" encephalopathy were the outstanding signs and symptoms of these patients. The characteristic alopecia did not become evident in the two survivors until two to three weeks following the onset of symptoms. The diagnosis could not be confirmed by previously described screening tests for thallium but was substantiated by specific quantitative analysis of urine (and tissues). While the condition of both survivors improved following the institution of dithizon therapy, the urinary excretion of thallium was unaffected by any of the therapeutic agents employed. A brief review of the pharmacology of thallium salts, the pathological consequences, clinical manifestations, and therapy of thallitoxicosis is presented. The availability, attractiveness, and potential toxicity of thallium-containing retail products is emphasized and a plea made for their interdiction.

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