Malate dehydrogenases and glutamate dehydrogenase in chick liver and heart during embryonic development

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Abstract
The specific activity of malate dehydrogenase isozymes in cytoplasm and mitochondria of liver and heart have been studied throughout development in the chick. The properties of the isozymes in these tissues are similar to those reported for other tissues. During development, the pattern of the specific activity of the isozymes of liver differs from that of the heart. Activities of the mitochondrial matrix and cytoplasmic isozymes of liver are constant; in heart they increase but not to the same extent. In mitochondria, the activity of malate dehydrogenase varies in the same way as that of cytochrome oxidase. Like cytochrome oxidase, malate dehydrogenase is therefore a constant proportion enzyme. Glutamate dehydrogenase is found in significant amounts in the liver; it is localized in the mitochondrial matrix, and its specific activity remains constant throughout development. In contrast, glutamate dehydrogenase can be detected in the heart only after hatching.