CHEMICAL WEED-KILLERS: IV. RELATIVE TOXICITIES AND LOCI OF ABSORPTION OF SELECTED CHEMICALS APPLIED TO PERENNIALS

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Abstract
Twelve chemicals previously found to be highly toxic to annual weeds were applied to a perennial weed in three different ways, viz., to the foliage only, to the soil only, and to both the soil and foliage. The chlorate ion was found to be most toxic, but sodium selenite, ammonium thiocyanate, sodium dichromate, and sodium arsenite were all reasonably effective at higher dosages. None of the other chemicals caused any significant, permanent reduction in growth at the dosages used. The permanent effect of a treatment appears to be due almost entirely to the action of the chemical in the soil, and the ineffectiveness of certain chemicals can be attributed to their rapid detoxication by the soil. Although all the chemicals exert a temporary, and in some cases, a slight permanent effect, when applied to the foliage only, this method of application is generally ineffective owing to the inability of the leaves and stems to retain or absorb a lethal dosage.

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