Effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the safety and efficacy of omeprazole in Japanese patients with recurrent reflux oesophagitis

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Abstract
Background : The polymorphic enzyme cytochrome P450 2C19 affects omeprazole metabolism. This influence on metabolism might affect serum gastrin levels, and safety, during long‐term treatment of reflux oesophagitis. Aim : To examine the relationship between cytochrome P450 2C19 genotype and the safety profile of long‐term omeprazole treatment. Methods : A total of 119 Japanese patients with recurrent reflux oesophagitis underwent cytochrome P450 2C19 genotyping prior to receiving daily omeprazole 10 mg or 20 mg for 6–12 months, during which adverse event frequency, serum gastrin levels and endoscopic findings were monitored. Results : The incidences of adverse events, serious adverse events and adverse events leading to withdrawal did not differ between homozygous extensive metabolizer (n = 46), heterozygous extensive metabolizer (n = 53) or poor metabolizer (n = 20) groups. In all genotype groups, serum gastrin increased during the first 3 months of dosing but stabilized thereafter. No significant differences were seen either in the rate of reflux oesophagitis healing or symptom improvement among genotype groups. Conclusions : Long‐term treatment with omeprazole was well‐tolerated in Japanese patients, irrespective of their cytochrome P450 2C19 metabolic genotype, indicating that dose adjustment depending on metabolic genotype is not required during treatment with omeprazole.