Solid-Solution Strengthening in Single Crystals of Iron Alloys

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Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism of the substitutional solid-solution strengthening of iron, evaluation of the modulus parameter and the direct observation of dislocation configuration were made for six alloy systems; Fe–Be, Fe–Al, Fe–Si, Fe–V, Fe–Ge and Fe–Mo. The rate of the solid-solution strengthening at 300°K was best described as a function of the combined mismatch parameters by the equation d (τ/µ)/ d c =0.04( ε µ '+1.5 ε a ) 2 , where ε a and ε µ ' are the size and the modulus mismatch parameter, respectively. The dislocations observed at the lower yield point were almost of screw type in all the alloys but their densities were extensively different from alloy to alloy. It was concluded that the elastic interaction of screw dislocations with the solute atoms was the dominant cause of the solid-solution strengthening of iron at 300°K. The wide variety of dislocation density was well-explained by a proposed model that it is determined by the condition for the applied stress to be minimum in a constant strain-rate.

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