The public park in The Netherlands1

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Abstract
Until now very little, if anything, has been written on the rise and development of the people's park in The Netherlands. There are some studies of individual parks, but a more general survey is lacking. The people's park should be regarded as a special variety of public park: it was meant for all sections of the population and was intended, notably in its initial period, to be ethically and morally improving in character. Later on this emphasis diminishes, as the design of the parks attests. The development in The Netherlands cannot be seen in isolation from that in other countries; in some cases foreign examples are actually cited in Dutch proposals to create a park. Accordingly this study begins with the historical origins of the people's park in general. Next it outlines the socio-political climate in The Netherlands in the 19th century, since the rise of public parks and their institutionalization relate closely to the process of industralization and urbanization.

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