A Method for Deternlining Insecticidal Effectiveness Using Aphis rumicis and Certain Organic Compounds1

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Abstract
Following preliminary tests with more than 400 chemicals in contact sprays against A. rumicis, 5 substituted glycinonitriles and a mixture of 1 of the 5 with dioctyl fumarate were selected for quantitative comparison with a standard nicotine insecticide. Sprays of 4 concs. of each compound were replicated on 3 days in such a way that every compound was tested once on the same day with every other compound. By a simplified procedure, which is described, parallel dosage-mortality curves in terms of log-concs. and empirical probits were computed for the 3 tests of all 7 chemicals and from them the log-conc. killing 95% of the aphids. The mean log-LD95 for each chemical was then corrected for differences in the over-all susceptibility of the aphids between days. The calculation of these relative toxicities and their exptl. errors is described in full. The 2 amyl phenyl glycinonitriles were < 1/2 as toxic as the dibenzyl benzyl phenyl and diphenyl glycinonitriles. which compared favorably with a standard 40% soln. of nicotine.

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