Measurement of the bone mineral density of the os calcis as an indication of vertebral fracture in women with lumbar osteoarthritis

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Abstract
In women with lumbar osteoarthritis, measurement of the os calcis bone mineral density (BMD) using dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as an indication of vertebral fracture was evaluated. The in vivo precision of the method was 1.28%. Age- and sex-matched control curves were evaluated using a control of 193 females. The correlation between spine BMD and os calcis BMD was significant (r = 0.65, p ≪ 0.001). For the osteoporotic women without osteoarthritis (n = 34), there was no significant difference in the spine and the os calcis Z-scores (–1.99SD and – 1.83SD respectively). Whereas for osteoporotic women with osteoarthritis (n = 30) the spine Z-score was – 0.49SD the os calcis Z-score was – 1.92SD. The difference was significant (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrate the superiority of the os calcis as a measurement site over the lumbar spine, in correlation with existing crush fractures in the presence of osteoarthritis. It is concluded that when lumbar osteoarthritis occurs measurement of the os calcis BMD using DEXA is clinically useful for the estimation of bone mass.