Measurement of pole figures and orientation functions for Valonia cellulose

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Abstract
The x‐ray pole‐figure technique has been applied to the study of orientation in Valonia cellulose. It is found that the maximum of the orientation distribution of the (220) poles of crystallites in Valonia cell walls is precisely normal to the cell wall surface, and the pole population is denser in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction. The orientation is interpreted as a typical uniplanar‐axial orientation after Heffelfinger and Burton's classification: a uniplanar orientation in (220), and two types of uniaxial orientation in the (220) and (400) planes based on the unit cell parameters for Valonia cellulose. The degree of biaxial orientation of the (220), (220), and (400) plane normals as well as three principal crystallographic axes are shown by Desper's equilateral triangle plots.