In Vitro Somatic Embryogenesis from Callus of Jaboticaba, Myrciaria cauliflora

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Abstract
Callus was induced from adventitious embryos of nucellar origin in cultured ovules from immature fruits of the jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora D.C. Berg.; Myrtaceae) a woody, perennial, tropical fruit tree with naturally occurring nucellar poly embryony. Optimum culture conditions for callus induction consisted of Murashige and Skoog medium that had been modified accordingly: half-strength major salts plus (per liter) 60 g sucrose, 400 mg glutamine, 100 mg ascorbic acid, and 2 mg 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Two months after culturing, a loose callus was induced from the hypocotyls of adventitious embryos from which limited somatic embryogenesis and occasionally organogenesis occurred. Following the subculture of this callus onto solid or liquid medium without 2,4-D, somatic embryogenesis occurred from the callus although this occurred more efficiently and rapidly in liquid medium. Mature embryos germinated normally on hormone-free medium or on medium containing coconut water.

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