The effect of electrolytes on rigidity and diffusion in gelatin-glycerin gels

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Abstract
The effect of electrolytes on the rigidity of and diffusion of dye from gelatin-glycerin gels has been examined. Cations, which might be expected to reduce the rigidity in the ratio of their valency, produced a fall in rigidity in the ratio Na+, 1: Ca++, 1·25:A1+++, 1·57. This approximate halving of the effect is attributed to interference by the chloride ion. The rigidity was proportional to the square root of the ionic concentration except with sodium ferrocyanide where no simple relation held. A simple expression G = G0 (1 ± ***I) was found for the rigidity, the sign depending whether anion or cation was considered. The effect of anions and cations on diffusion was as varied as their effect on rigidity. The addition of chlorides increased the diffusion coefficient in the order Al > Ca > Na. Both multivalent anions examined produced a decrease in diffusion coefficient; the sulphate being less effective than the ferrocyanide.

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