Energetic Species Trapped at 4.2°K from Gaseous Discharges

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Abstract
The calorimetric technique developed by Broida and Lutes for estimating the abundance of trapped atoms has been further investigated. A number of difficulties have been recognized, and an apparatus has been constructed which embodies a compromise of the various requirements. The calorimeter is now heated rapidly to 40–50°K by a small heating coil, less heat being required when atoms or radicals are present in the deposit. The concentration is then deduced from the reduction in electric energy needed to raise the calorimeter to some particular temperature. The results for nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and krypton indicate that up to a few percent of the original gas are trapped in an unstable form. The factors affecting the stabilization of energetic species are considered in the light of the results presented.
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