Effect of NaF, TiF4and APF Solutions on Root Surfaces in vitro, with Special Reference to Uptake of F

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Abstract
The in vitro uptake of various ions in scaled root surfaces from TiF4 and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) solutions, both with 1.1 M F and pH 1.0, was compared with that from a NaF solution, 0.5 M F, pH 7.1, using electron microprobe analysis, microradiography and polarized light microscopy. The mean F concentration (1.7%) and the mean depth (17 μm) of zones showing F increase following treatment with TiF4 solution were much greater than in the NaF group. A fine layer of Ti-containing material covered the surface of the specimens. The APF solution caused even greater depositions of F, but a marked subsurface demineralization. Thus, TiF4 and APF solutions with the same F molarity and pH showed different effect on the root surfaces. The results indicate that the use of TiF4 in the topical application of fluoride may have several advantages. Further in vitro studies are warranted.