Damage and deuterium trapping in highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite
- 1 March 1993
- journal article
- research article
- Published by AIP Publishing in Journal of Applied Physics
- Vol. 73 (5) , 2225-2233
- https://doi.org/10.1063/1.353126
Abstract
In this work the buildup of damage due to deuterium implantation in highly‐oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is investigated. HOPG was implanted with 10–30 keV D3+ at different target temperatures between room temperature and 773 K with fluences from 1014 to 1018 D/cm2. Subsequently, the damage due to the implantation and the retained deuterium were measured by Rutherford backscattering (RBS) in a channeling direction (RBSc) and by the D(3He, p)α nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), respectively. The damage of selected samples was additionally observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The initial trapping efficiency is unity in the whole temperature and energy range. The maximum retention of the deuterium, however, depends on the temperature and implantation energy. The damage in HOPG measured with RBSc starts to saturate at 5×1015 D/cm2 (295 K) and 1.3×1017 D/cm2 (773 K). Both fluences are well below the fluence at which amorphization is observed in TEM.This publication has 34 references indexed in Scilit:
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