Cash Crops, Smallholder Decision-Making and Institutional Interactions in a Closing Frontier: Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico
- 1 January 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Project MUSE in Journal of Latin American Geography
- Vol. 5 (2) , 75-90
- https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.2006.0023
Abstract
In Mexico, since the revolution of 1910, agricultural development for subsistence and market has been a priority of diverse stakeholder groups, particularly farmers. Within the last ten years, Mexican federal agricultural policy shifted from a paternalistic to an enterprise model. This shift resulted in benefits for a few farmers while placing most producers at risk of economic failure. In addition to the impacts on the household economy, these policies influence land use and land cover. This paper explores the dynamics of chili production and how these dynamics are influenced by household and policy factors in the municipality of Calakmul in Campeche, Mexico. Jalapeño chili is the foremost market crop in Calakmul, until recently a development frontier for Mexico, and now the site of the largest biosphere reserve in that country and a landscape where priorities for forest conservation meet those for agricultural development. An integration of qualitative and quantitative methods enables a more complete understanding of this important and expanding land use in the region. En México, desde la revolución, el desarrollo agrícola para la subsistencia y el mercado ha sido una prioridad para diversos grupos, especialmente los agricultores. Durante la última década la política federal mexicana en relación a la agricultura ha cambiado de uno marcado de paternalismo hacia un modelo empresarial. Este cambio benefició a un grupo pequeño de agricultores, pero exponía la mayoría al riesgo de un fracaso económico. Por encima de los impactos en la economía doméstica, esas políticas impactaron en el uso del suelo y la cobertura de la tierra. Este estudio explora los dinámicos de la producción de chili y cómo ellos son influidos por los factores y políticas domésticos dentro el municipio de Calakmul, en Campeche, México. El chili jalapeño es el producto principal del mercado de Calakmul, desde hace poco en la frontera de desarrollo de México, pero ahora la ubicación de la reserva bioesférica más grande de México, y un paisaje en el cual las prioridades de conservación confrontan aquellas del desarrollo. Una integración de métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos permiten un mejor entendimiento de este importante y ampliando uso de suelo de la región.Keywords
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