Abstract
The intensive exploration of West New Guinea started in the early years of this century. It was interrupted by World War I and resumed afterwards. Apart from a large scale programme undertaken by the colonial government of the Dutch East Indies, it included expeditions by British and German explorers. Many among them were scholars who investigated the local populations, fauna, geography, and geology, with a view to the colonial valorisation of the area. Several of the expeditions aimed at exploring the Central Highlands and thus encountered Highlanders. Unfortunately, little is known about the reactions of these people to meeting Europeans, and more about reactions of Europeans to meeting Highlanders. The content of the paper reflects this discrepancy.

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