Friction and wear behavior of ion-plated lead–tin coatings

Abstract
A systematic study of lead–tin alloys deposited by ion plating, vacuum deposition, and electrodeposition is carried out and reported in this paper. The effects of sliding distance and load on friction coefficient and wear are studied for lead–tin coatings having from 10 to 40 wt. %Sn. The lead–tin alloys were deposited on polished steel disk substrates. The coefficients of friction and wear were measured under lubricated conditions using ball-on-disk geometry. The tests were carried out under different loads from 15 to 145 N and for sliding distances from 250 to 1500–1800 m. The wear loss is evaluated by wear volume and maximum wear depth, and weight loss.