Advances in intracorporeal lithotripsy

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Abstract
Extracorporeal Shockwave lithotripsy has become first line therapy for the majority of renal and ureteral calculi. Situations remain, however, in which endourologic techniques continue to be the most effective method of treatment. A wide array of intracorporeal lithotriptors are now available to urologists that rely on either Shockwave energy or mechanical effects to produce stone fragmentation. A thorough knowledge of the mechanism of action of these devices, as well as the strengths and limitations of each, is essential to maximize efficacy and reduce the risks of urinary tract injury.

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