Endogenous Opioids and Ventilatory Responses to Hypoxia in Normal Humans

Abstract
The putative role of endorphins in modulating hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness was studied. In 12 healthy men, minute ventilation (.ovrhdot.VE) and mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) responses to progressive isocapnic hypoxia were determined before and after the i.v. administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone (10 mg) or placebo. Plasma levels of .beta.-endorphin were measured before and after hypoxia. Naloxone did not affect the slopes or x-intercepts of the relationships between either .ovrhdot.VE or P0.1 and arterial O2 saturation. There was no correlation between the baseline plasma level of .beta.-endorphin and any measure of responsiveness to hypoxia. Plasma .beta.-endorphin levels were not affected by either short-term hypoxia or naloxone alone; however, when hypoxia followed naloxone administration, mean .+-. SD .beta.-endorphin increased from 8.0 .+-. 8.9 pg/ml to 20.2 .+-. 16.6 pg/ml (P < 0.005). Endogenous opioids do not have an important modulating influence on hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness in adult human volunteers.