Photodynamic Inactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus by Hematoporphyrin Derivative and Light

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Abstract
A modification of photodynamic inactivation of herpes simplex viruses (HSV) was developed employing hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) and visible light. Isolates of HSV Type 1 rapidly and completely lose their plaque-forming ability when a mixture of virus and HPD is exposed to light. This effect is dependent upon optimal concentrations of the tetrapyrrole, light intensity and the presence of O2. Photodynamically inactivated virions do not cause viral cytopathic effects following infection of susceptible [Vero African green monkey kidney] cells and fail to induce viral antigens. The treated particles are unable to adsorb to or penetrate cells and cannot initiate an infection. Photo-oxidative damage to the viral envelope may occur through the interaction of HPD plus light.