Upper Tithonian Vallupinae (Radiolaria) from the Taman Formation, East-Central Mexico

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Abstract
The pantanelliid subfamily Vallupinae Pessagno and MacLeod reached its acme of development during the late Tithonian. Two new genera (NEOVALLUPUS and SUPERVALLUPUS) and seven new species are described from the upper Tithonian portion of the Taman Formation, east-central Mexico; new species are Bivallupus oppositus, B. primigenus, Neovallupus dumitricai, N. modestus, Protovallupus excellens, Supervallupus haeckeli, and Vallupus laxus. In addition, the definition of the subfamily Vallupinae is emended. Many taxa belonging to the Vallupinae are short-ranging, distinctive, and cosmpolitan-occurring in both Boreal and Tethyan strata. Vallupinid taxa have proven to be useful in developing a meaningful radiolarian zonation for the upper Tithonian of North America. [Other species discussed include B. longoriai, B. mexicanus, V. nodosus, and V. zeissi.].